Second Quarter of the 20th Century

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USA: Calvin Coolidge (President) USA: Herbert Hoover (Pres.) USA: Franklin Roosevelt (Pres.) USA: Harry Truman (Pres.)
William H. Taft (Chief Justice of the Supreme Court) Charles Evans Hughes (Chief Justice) Harlan Stone (Chief Justice) Frederick Vinson (Chief Justice)
Nicholas Longworth (Speaker of the House) John Garner (House Speaker) Henry Rainey (House Speaker) Joseph Byrns William Bankhead (House Speaker) Sam Rayburn (House Speaker) Joseph Martin (House Speaker) Sam Rayburn
Charles Curtis (Senate Majority Leader) James Watson (Senate Maj.) Joseph Robinson (Senate Maj.) Alben Barkley (Senate Maj.) Wallace White (Senate Maj.) Scott Lucas
Pacific War
Mackenzie King Arthur Meighen Canada: William Lyons _Mackenzie King Canada: Richard Bennett Canada: William Lyons _Mackenzie King Canada: Louis _St. Laurent
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Second World War
Stanley Baldwin UK: Ramsay MacDonald Stanley Baldwin UK: Neville Chamberlain UK: Winston Churchill UK: Clement Attlee
UK: _George_ V _Edward_ VIII UK: _George_ VI
France: Third Republic Vichy France: Philippe Pétain France: Fourth Republic
Deutschland: Weimar Republic Deutschland (3rd Reich): Adolph Hitler Deutschland: 4-Power Occupation BRD
DDR
Italia: Benito Mussolini Italia: Alcide de Gaspari
Great Patriotic War/ Russian Front
USSR: Joseph Stalin
Polska: Joseph Pilsudski Polska: Boleslaw Bierut
España: Miguel _Primo de Rivera_ y Orbaneja España: Niceto _Alcalá Zamora_ y Torres España: Manuel _Azaña_ y Díaz España: Francisco _Franco_ Bahamonde
España: King _Alfonzo_ XIII Spanish Civil War Greek Civil War
Pope _Pious_ XI Pope _Pious_ XII
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(Taishô Emperor) Yoshihito Nihon: (Showa Emperor) Hirohito (Constitutional Monarch) Hirohito
(Regent) Hirohito _Hirota_ Kôki _Konoe_ Fumimaro (PM) _Tôjô_ Hideki (PM) Japan: SCAP (to 1952)

Chinese Warlord Era

Manchukuo: _Pu Yi Chinese Civil War
Chinese Civil War Sino-Japanese War
Chung Kuo: _Chiang_ Kai Shek Zhong Guo: _Mao_ Zedong
1st Marquess of Reading India: Edward Wood, Lord Irwin & 1st Earl of Halifax Lord Goschen (temp.) India: Freeman Freeman-Thomas, 1st Marquess of Willingdon India: Sir George Stanley (temp.) India: Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow India: Archibald Wavell, 1st Viscount & Earl Wavell Louis Mountbatten, 1st Viscount & Earl Mountbatten Bharat: Jawaharlal Nehru
Pakistan: Muhammad Jinnah
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Philippines Philippines: Manuel Louis _Quezón_ y Molina Philippines: Japanese Occupation Philippines
Australia: Stanley Bruce Australia: James Henry Scullin Australia: Joseph Aloysius Lyons Australia: Robert Menzies Australia: John Curtin Australia: Ben Chifley Robert Menzies
Abyssinian War
Chaco War
Argentina: Radical Rule Argentina: Hipolito Yrigoyen Argentina: Military/Conservative Coalition Argentina: Juan Perón
Mexico: Plutarco Elías Calles Mexico: Lázaro Cárdenas Mexico: Manuel Ávila Camacho Mexico: Miguel Alemán Váldez
Leon Trotsky active
Mohandas Gandhi active
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Ten-fold increase in refrigerator sales in US General Electric flourescent lamp Television becomes common
Magnetic tape recording developed
"Taung Child", Australopithecus africanus Farnsworth transmits television picture 3M Scotch Tape Plexiglas RCA Victor long-playing record Stereo recording Vitamin-D fortified milk Kodachrome 3-color roll film Du Pont Nylon Du Pont Teflon Sikorsky's VS-300 helicopter BF Goodrich synthetic rubber tires Penicillin use becomes practical Messerschmitt ME-262 jet fighter Streptomycin antibiotic for TB Atomic bomb Slinky Radar Range microwave oven Bell Telephone Laboratory transistor Lithium salts as mood stabilizer
USS Saratoga aircraft carrier Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle Antibiotic properties of the Penicillium mold discovered by Fleming Lithiated Lemon carbonated drink (later, 7-Up) Electronic flash photography Neutron discovered by Chadwick Toll House chocolate chip cookies Drene liquid shampoo Black holes (massive collapsed stars) suggested Airship Hindenburg explodes Biro ball-point pen Automatic transmission First TV station: Paramount in Chicago M4 Sherman battle tank Nuclear chain reaction: Chicago's Stagg Field (Fermi) Scuba gear V-2 guided missile Frozen orange juice concentrate ENIAC electronic digital computer First recorded rock and roll song: Roy Brown, Good Rocking Tonight Radial tires
"boondocks" coined Thermega electric blanket McGraw pop-up toaster Sound added to motion pictures Sinanthropus pekinensis, or Peking Man "last rites" coined Alka-Seltzer antacid and analgesic Unibody car construction B-17 Flying Fortress bomber Hormel's processed meat product Spam Xerox photocopying "disinformation" coined Artificial insemination "acronym" coined "sociopath" coined The Bells of St. Mary's The Best Years of Our Lives Qumran (Dead Sea) scrolls discovered Automobile air conditioner
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"how-to" coined "boogie-woogie" coined Ritz crackers Panzer IV battle tank Junkers Ju 87 dive bomber Mitsubishi A6M "Zero" Pinocchio "genocide" coined Aerosol spray can X-1 supersonic aircraft
Pap test Urey discovers deuterium Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs LSD Gone With the Wind Soviet T-34 battle tank Bambi Polaroid Land Camera, instant B&W photography
Sliced bread ¯"As Time Goes By" ¯"Night and Day" ¯"Blue Moon" ¯"Happy Birthday to You" "last ditch" coined Vickers Supermarine Spitfire ¯"Over the Rainbow" Fantasia ¯"White Christmas" AK-47 assault rifle
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Contemporary Context:


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Last updated December 2001

Copyright © 2001 Matthew White